2026 年新版托福听力各部分解析与练习题

By Last Updated: 15 2 月, 2026

2026 年 1 月 21 日起实施的新托福考试

TOEFL 将于 2026 年 1 月 21 日 对考试形式进行一次重大调整。虽然过去也曾进行过几次小幅修改，但考试的整体结构长期以来基本保持不变。而这一次的 2026 年改革，则属于结构层面的全面更新：部分传统题型被取消，同时也引入了全新的题型设计。

听力部分最能直观地体现这次考试改革。在新版托福中，听力部分由以下 四个题型 构成：

  • Listen and Choose a Response
  • Listen to a Conversation
  • Listen to an Announcement
  • Listen to an Academic Talk

其中，对话（Conversation） 和 学术讲座（Academic Talk） 在传统托福中就已经存在，不过在新版考试中，内容设置和音频长度都有了明显变化。相比之下，“Listen and Choose a Response” 和 “Listen to an Announcement” 则是此次改革中全新引入的题型。

听力题型传统托福新版托福主要区别
Listen and Choose a Response✕〇听取简短发言后，选择最合适的回应
Conversations〇〇内容与时长差异较大，新版更侧重日常对话情境
Announcement✕〇与学术相关的简短通知类听力
Academic Talks〇〇内容仍为学术主题，但整体篇幅缩短
自适应测试✕〇后续题目难度取决于前一模块的表现

听力部分的双模块结构

与新版托福阅读部分相同，听力部分同样采用双模块结构。Module 2 的难度将根据考生在 Module 1 中的表现来决定。一般来说，进入较高难度 Module 2 的考生，其最终得分往往高于被分配到较低难度 Module 2 的考生。

虽然 ETS 尚未公开进入高难度 Module 2 的具体标准，但从 SAT、GRE 等其他采用自适应机制的考试经验来看，分界线很可能在约 60% 的正确率左右。因此，在 Module 1 中取得稳健、扎实的表现，对于获得更高的听力成绩至关重要。

Part 1: Listen and Choose a Response

这是新版托福中新引入的题型之一。只要你具备基本的词汇能力，这一题型通常是所有托福题型中最容易的。不过，有一个非常重要的点需要特别注意。

在这一任务中，你会先听到一句简短的发言，然后从四个选项中选择最合适的回应。关键不在于选项是否语法正确，而在于它是否在交流层面上自然、得体、有意义。

在 听力 Part 1 中，题目通常遵循如下所示的基本形式。

(A) Experiments often use clear containers.
(B) The results were published online.
(C) That was the original expectation.
(D) Yes, results can be interesting.

答案与听力文本

(C)

听力文本

Man: Wasn’t this experiment supposed to yield clearer results?

听力 Part 1 中的题目内容通常可以分为以下 三类：

  • 日常场景（Daily）
  • 略带学术性的内容（Slightly academic）
  • 商务相关情境（Business）

虽然题目形式本身比较简单，但选出正确回应并不总是容易。很多错误选项在语法上完全正确，却没有贴合说话者的真实意图。

例如，在上面的示例题中，按照传统语法思维，似乎应该用一个明确的 “yes” 或 “no” 来回应。然而，在 TOEFL 听力中，最自然的回答并不一定包含明确的是非回答。这正反映了真实对话中的语言使用方式：说话者往往通过回应具体情境或隐含意图来作答，而不是拘泥于僵化的语法规则。

练习题 (Listen and Choose a Response)

Part 2: Listen to a Conversation

虽然传统托福中也包含对话型听力题，但新版考试在内容和时长上都有明显不同。

在旧版托福中，对话通常设置在大学校园情境中，例如学生之间讨论校园事务，或学生与学业顾问就选课问题进行交流。

而在新版托福中，对话内容更加贴近日常生活和实际需求。此外，音频整体更短，通常只有 30 至 60 秒。

在这一部分中，你将听到一段简短的对话，并根据音频内容回答 两到三道问题。由于考试中音频只播放一次，请尽量在一次听完后完成所有题目的作答。

1. What is the man mainly concerned about?
(A) The landlord refusing to renew his lease.
(B) The cost of replacing his apartment windows.
(C) Being unable to sleep because of noise.
(D) Finding a larger apartment closer to work.

2. Why does the man NOT want to break the lease?
(A) He would have to pay a large fee.
(B) He might lose his security deposit.
(C) The landlord would not allow it.
(D) He would need to move immediately.

3. What will the man most likely do if his current plan fails?
(A) Move out at the end of this month.
(B) Ask to transfer to another unit in the building.
(C) Demand that the landlord install new windows.
(D) Start looking for an apartment in a different neighborhood.

答案与听力文本
  1. (C)
  2. (A)
  3. (B)

听力文本

Man: Hey, do you have a minute? I’m thinking about switching apartments.
Woman: Switching? I thought you just renewed your lease.
Man: I did, but I’ve been having trouble sleeping. The street noise is worse than I expected.
Woman: That’s rough. Have you talked to the landlord? Maybe they can do something.
Man: I asked about better windows, but they said it’s not in the budget this year.
Woman: Then maybe you should break the lease and move.
Man: I checked. The fee is basically two months’ rent, so I’d rather avoid that.
Woman: Hmm. What about moving to a different unit in the same building?
Man: I asked, but nothing’s available until the end of next month.
Woman: So what are you going to do?
Man: For now, I’ll try a white-noise machine and earplugs. If it doesn’t help, I’ll request a transfer as soon as a unit opens up.

由于对话本身较短，仅凭记住整体内容和关键信息，通常也可以完成作答。不过，从更实用的备考角度来看，养成记笔记的习惯仍然是值得推荐的。

在听力 Part 4：Academic Talk 中，听力材料更长、信息密度也更高，有效的笔记能力几乎是必不可少的。因此，在练习对话类听力时就开始有意识地记笔记，也能为之后应对 Part 4 打下良好基础。

练习题 (Listen to a Conversation)

Part 3: Listen to an Announcement

在这一部分中，你将听到一段简短的公告，长度通常在 40 到 85 个单词之间，然后根据公告中提供的信息选择正确答案。

这些公告的内容主要与学术生活相关，例如学术截止日期的安排、行政方面的通知，或与学业成就有关的信息。

由于公告篇幅较短，仅凭记住整体内容和关键信息，往往也可以完成作答。不过，仍然建议在练习和考试中记笔记。这样做有助于培养笔记习惯，而这种能力在听力 Part 4 中尤为重要，因为那一部分的听力材料更长，需要更细致地跟踪和整理信息。

1. Why does the speaker mention that over half of the spots have been filled?

A. To explain why the symposium date was changed
B. To indicate how many students are currently on the waiting list
C. To show how many abstracts have already been approved
D. To emphasize that space is becoming limited

2. What is required in order to secure a seat at the symposium?

A. Registering online by the stated deadline
B. Attending all preparatory sessions
C. Submitting an abstract of over 250 words
D. Receiving approval before March 28

3. What can be inferred about students who miss all preparatory sessions?

A. They will still be allowed to participate if space remains
B. They will be moved to the waiting list
C. Their abstracts will be reviewed at a later date
D. They will be required to submit a longer abstract

答案与听力文本
  1. (D)
  2. (A)
  3. (B)

听力文本

Attention members of the International Studies Society.

This announcement concerns registration for the spring academic symposium scheduled for April 12. Participation is limited to 60 students, and as of this morning, 42 spots have already been filled.

To secure a seat, students must complete online registration by 11:59 p.m. on March 28 and submit an abstract of no more than 250 words. Please note that attendance at at least one of the three preparatory sessions held on March 5, March 12, and March 19 is required. Students who fail to meet these requirements will be placed on a waiting list, regardless of submission time.

与 Part 1 和 Part 2 相比，听力 Part 3 中的公告往往包含更多的数字信息，例如日期、时间等。因此，有效的记笔记能力在提高答题准确率方面起着重要作用。

在记笔记时，不要试图把听到的内容全部写下来。相反，应当把注意力放在容易遗忘的具体细节上，比如数字、时间和地点；至于次要信息和整体内容，则可以主要依靠记忆来把握。

练习题 (Listen to an Announcement)

Part 4: Academic Talk

这一部分与传统托福中的讲座型听力题非常相似。你将听到一位教授进行学术讲解，随后回答若干道与内容相关的问题。

该部分所涉及的学科范围非常广泛，常见主题包括：

  • 历史（History）
  • 艺术（Art）
  • 生物学（Biology）
  • 心理学（Psychology）
  • 化学（Chemistry）
  • 地质学（Geology）
  • 商业（Business）
  • 经济学（Economics）
  • 社会学（Sociology）

听力 Part 4 的设计并不要求考生事先具备专业的学术背景知识，即使对相关领域不熟悉，也应当能够理解讲座的基本内容。不过，如果你对常见的学术领域有一定的基础认识，理解过程往往会轻松许多。

例如，在心理学类讲座中，记忆（memory） 是一个经常出现的话题。如果你事先知道，人类记忆通常可以分为短期记忆、感觉记忆和长期记忆，那么在听讲座时，就更容易预判内容走向，并迅速抓住核心要点。

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To explain how sweating alone regulates human body temperature.
B. To argue that human body temperature remains constant under most conditions.
C. To explain how internal control systems respond to environmental challenges.
D. To compare human thermoregulation with that of other mammals.

2. According to the professor, what happens when body temperature rises during intense physical activity?

A. The body prioritizes conserving internal fluids over releasing excess heat.
B. Blood flow to the skin decreases to stabilize core temperature.
C. The nervous system reduces peripheral circulation to protect vital organs.
D. Internal control centers shift activity toward the body’s surface.

3. Why does the professor mention that a person can lose over 1 liter of sweat per hour?

A. To emphasize the importance of electrolyte balance during exercise.
B. To illustrate the potential risks associated with prolonged heat exposure.
C. To explain why sweating becomes less effective with age.
D. To show how evaporation contributes minimally to heat loss.

4. Why does the professor discuss shivering increasing heat production by up to 500%?

A. To demonstrate how the body generates heat in cold environments.
B. To argue that shivering is the primary cause of heat-related illness.
C. To indicate the maximum energy output muscles can sustain long-term.
D. To contrast voluntary and involuntary muscle movement.

答案与听力文本
  1. C
  2. D
  3. B
  4. A

听力文本

Human thermoregulation is a finely tuned physiological process that allows the body to maintain a relatively stable internal temperature despite changes in the external environment. In healthy adults, core body temperature is typically regulated around 37 degrees Celsius, though short-term fluctuations of about 0.5 degrees are considered normal. This regulation is controlled primarily by the hypothalamus, which functions as the body’s internal thermostat.

When body temperature rises, such as during intense physical activity, the hypothalamus triggers mechanisms to promote heat loss. One key response is vasodilation, in which blood vessels near the skin expand, increasing blood flow to the surface. This allows excess heat to dissipate more efficiently. At the same time, sweat glands become active. As sweat evaporates, it removes heat from the skin. Under extreme conditions, a person can lose over 1 liter of sweat per hour, resulting in significant fluid and electrolyte loss.

Conversely, when the body is exposed to cold environments, heat conservation becomes the priority. Blood vessels constrict to reduce heat loss, and involuntary muscle contractions, known as shivering, generate heat through increased metabolic activity. Studies suggest that shivering can raise heat production by up to 500 percent compared to resting levels.

However, thermoregulation becomes less efficient with age. Research indicates that adults over 65 years old have a reduced ability to sense temperature changes and a delayed sweating response. This partly explains why heat-related illnesses disproportionately affect older populations during prolonged heat waves. Understanding these physiological limits is essential, particularly as global average temperatures continue to rise.

学术讲座类听力可以说是 TOEFL 听力部分中最重要、也最具挑战性的一项。你在这一部分的表现，会对整体听力成绩产生显著影响。

在学术讲座中，往往会同时出现多个观点和大量具体细节。如果不记笔记就尝试作答，风险相当高。因此，在听力备考过程中，系统地培养有效的记笔记技巧是非常有必要的，也是强烈推荐的做法。

练习题 (Academic Talk)

Hi, I completed a Master’s program at Purdue University, where I specialized in test design and assessment effectiveness. My academic focus was English-language standardized tests, including the TOEFL, IELTS, ACT, SAT, and GRE. I began writing these articles because, when I was preparing for the SAT and GRE myself, I found few resources that explained the tests in a systematic and practical way. My goal is to create materials in which solving questions naturally builds the background knowledge needed for the exams, helping learners manage both content and strategy more effectively.